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Lecture Choice 1 Lecture Choice 11.1 History of spinal disorders1.2 Spinal biomechanics1.3 Cell biology of the spine1.4 Age-related changes of the spine1.5 Pathways to spinal pain1.6 Genetics in spinal disorders1.7 Development of spinal deformity1.8 Spinal balance1.9 Biomechanics of spinal instrumentation1.10 Biologics in spine1.11 Epidemiology of spinal disorders1.12 Predictors of treatment outcome1.13 History & physical assessment1.14 Imaging studies1.15 Neurological assessment1.16 Neurophysiological investigations1.17 Pre-operative assessment1.18 Intraoperative anaesthesia management1.19 Postoperative management & pain control1.20 From clinical signs and symptoms to diagnosis in spinal disorders1.21 Spine registries1.22 The Role of Muscles in Adult Spinal Deformity2.1 Applied surgical anatomy of the spinal column, spinal cord, nerve roots and vertebral arteries2.2 Biomechanical considerations of degenerative cervical spine2.3 Kinematics of normal, degenerative, fused and disc-replaced cervical spines2.4 Degenerative disorders of the cervical spine2.5 Neurophysiological assessment2.6 Diagnostic injection studies (interventional radiology)2.7 Axial neck pain2.8 Axial neck pain – non-operative management2.9 Axial neck pain - operative management2.10 Clinical Findings, pathophysiology and natural history of cervical radiculopathy2.11 Cervical radiculopathy – non-operative management2.12 Cervical radiculopathy – surgical management2.13 Adjacent disc disease and management cervical TDR2.14 Pathology, clinical findings & imaging of clinical myelopathy2.15 Cervical myelopathy: medical myelopathies2.16 Natural history and non-operative management of cervical myelopathy2.17 Cervical myelopathy: surgical management2.18 Cervical myelopathy: OPLL3.1 Epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history and risk factors3.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic workup of disc herniation, radiculopathy and thoracic myelopathy3.3 Non-operative treatment, rehab, medication in lumbar disc herniation3.4 Surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation3.5 Imaging in lumbar and thoracic disc herniation and lumbar stenosis3.6 Thoracic disc herniations3.7 Epidemiology, pathogenesis and natural history in lumbar spinal stenosis3.8 Spinal stenosis: non-operative treatment, rehab, medication3.9 Surgical treatment of lumbar stenosis3.10 Lumbar spondylosis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history3.11 Clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, classification of degenerative lumbar spondylosis3.12 Lumbar spondylosis: non-operative treatment3.13 Imaging in degenerative lumbar and sacroiliac conditions3.14 Degenerative lumbar spondylosis: surgical treatment3.15 Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: epidemiology, diagnosis, classification3.16 Surgical treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis3.17 The continuum from degenerative conditions to new onset deformity3.18 Sacroiliac joint pain: evaluation and treatment3.19 Management of non-specific low back pain3.20 Psychosocial factors in low back related conditions3.21 Multidisciplinary approaches to treatment of low back pain4.1 Adult scoliosis - epidemiology, natural history, classification, clinical assessment, HRQOL4.2 Adult scoliosis and kyphosis: radiological assessment4.3 Idiopathic scoliosis in adults: are there specificities between 20 and 50 years?4.4 Degenerative scoliosis: clinical presentation and diagnostic workup4.5 Degenerative scoliosis: preoperative assessment & prevention of perioperative complications4.6 Degenerative scoliosis and stenosis4.7 Planning deformity correction: sagittal plane deformity correction techniques4.8 Minimally invasive treatment indications for adult deformity4.9 Degenerative scoliosis: complications of surgical treatment4.10 Osteotomies of the spine for adult deformity correction4.11 Pelvic Fixation Options4.12 Interbody Fusion for Scoliosis TLIF, ALIF, LLIF4.13 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Natural History, Radiology4.14 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Treatment Options4.15 Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)4.16 Adult Angular Kyphosis - classification, natural history, risk factors4.17 Adult Angular Kyphosis - surgical experience4.18 Sagittal balance in L5-S1 spondylolisthesis4.19 Imaging in spondylolisthesis4.20 Low grade adult spondylolisthesis – evidence based ‘best surgical practice’4.21 High Grade Spondylolisthesis - in situ Fusion Options4.22 High Grade Spondylolisthesis (SPL) analysis and surgical techniques indications5.1 Evolution of the 3D understanding for spinal deformities & scoliosis & their treatment5.2 Etiopathogenesis of Spinal Deformities in growing spine: Scoliosis & Sagittal Deformities5.3 Growth of the spine and thorax5.4 Idiopathic scoliosis and its natural history5.5 Early Onset Scoliosis specificity of treatment5.6 Secondary Scoliosis Specific Treatment5.7 Congenital deformities5.8 Spinal cord anomalies: spinal dysraphism5.9 Hyperkyphosis and Scheuermann disease5.10 Paediatric deformities: Imaging5.11 Biomechanics of the deformed spine5.12 Specific clinical assessment of deformities5.13 Role of cast treatment and HALO traction5.14 Indication for brace treatment5.15 Pre-op assessment – how to prepare complex cases5.16 Patient positioning in spinal surgery and blood saving5.17 Importance of alignment and consequences in adulthood5.18 Intraoperative neuromonitoring5.19 Bone fusion in spinal deformity5.20 Technique, strategy and indication in anterior approaches5.21 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: hybrid construct5.22 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: all-screw construct5.23 Iliac-sacral fixation options6.1 Cervical Spine Trauma: epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurology6.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic work up of spinal trauma6.3 Imaging of the sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.4 Classification of sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.5 General treatment principles and indications conservative treatment6.6 Specific Surgical Treatment of sub-axial Cervical Spine Fractures C3-C76.7 Upper CS: Instability and specific anatomical structures6.8 Imaging of the occipito-cervical junction post-trauma6.9 Classification of upper cervical spine trauma6.10 The treatment of upper cervical spine injuries6.11 Epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurodeficit in spine injuries6.12 Thoracic and lumbar spine trauma: clinical presentation and diagnosis6.13 Imaging of thoracolumbar injuries6.14 Classification of thoracolumbar fractures6.15 General principles and indication for conservative treatment of thoracolumbar spine fractures6.16 Specific surgical treatment of thoracolumbar spine injuries6.17 Osteoporotic Spine Fractures6.18 Sacral fractures6.19 Spinal injuries in children and young adults7.1 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of ependymoma of the spine7.2 Diagnosis and management of osteoid osteoma of the spine7.3 Diagnosis and management of eosinophilic granuloma of the spine7.4 Spinal tumours in early life7.5 Diagnosis and management of intradural extramedullary tumours7.6 Specific surgical management of primary tumours of the sacrum7.7 Chordoma of the spine7.8 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of aneurysmal bone cysts of the spine7.9 Chondrosarcoma of the mobile spine7.10 Primary spinal tumours: differential diagnosis, epidemiology & diagnostic work up7.11 Giant cell tumours of the spine: treatment options and strategies7.12 Specific technical aspects in multisegmental resection and reconstruction for tumours of the spine7.13 Multiple myeloma diagnosis and treatment7.14 Classification and differential diagnosis of spinal vascular malformations7.15 Pedicle screw placement and augmentation7.16 Spinal metastasis: diagnosis and staging7.17 Metastatic disease: surgical treatment options and results7.18 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of intramedullary spinal cord tumours7.19 Management of residual spinal tumours8.1 Spinal tuberculosis - epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical features8.2 Spinal tuberculosis - diagnostic tests and medical management8.3 Spinal tuberculosis - surgical management8.4 Spinal Infections: differential diagnostics, treatment decisions, principles8.5 Aetiology, pathogenic mechanisms and treatment of infections in spinal instrumentation8.6 Antibiotic treatment of spinal wound infections8.7 Antibiotic treatment of vertebral osteomyelitis, discitis and epidural abscess of the spine8.8 Epidemiology, pathophysiology and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.9 Natural history and treatment principles of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.10 Stabilising and corrective surgery of the thoracolumbar spine in ankylosing spondylitis8.11 Diagnosis and treatment of instability of the occipito-atlantoaxial spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.12 Surgical Management for the subaxial cervical spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.13 Overview of osteopathies relevant to the spine9.1 Complications & revisions in upper cervical spine9.2 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical procedures9.3 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical trauma9.4 Complications & revision surgery in anterior thoracic & thoracolumbar junction approaches9.5 Complications & revision surgery in anterior lumbar approaches9.6 Complications & revision surgery in lateral lumbar approaches9.7 Complications & revisions in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis9.8 Complications & revision in early-onset scoliosis (EOS)9.9 Complications & revision in neuromuscular, congenital and syndromic scoliosis9.10 Scheuermann kyphosis: surgical complications9.11 Complications & revision in adult deformity: inadequate correction and implant failure9.12 Complications & revision in adult deformity: junctional complications and secondary progression9.13 Complications & revision in lumbar disc herniation, stenosis, and lumbar degenerative conditions9.14 Complications & revision in thoracolumbar trauma9.15 Revision surgery in the osteoporotic spine9.16 Neurological complications9.17 Dural repair techniques and management of CSF fistulae9.18 Cage failures in lumbar interbody fusion9.19 Postoperative wound problems9.20 Post-operative infection in the spine: prevention and treatment strategy9.21 Patient positioning and complication avoidance9.22 Imaging of early complications9.23 Imaging of late complications

Lecture Choice 2 Lecture Choice 21.1 History of spinal disorders1.2 Spinal biomechanics1.3 Cell biology of the spine1.4 Age-related changes of the spine1.5 Pathways to spinal pain1.6 Genetics in spinal disorders1.7 Development of spinal deformity1.8 Spinal balance1.9 Biomechanics of spinal instrumentation1.10 Biologics in spine1.11 Epidemiology of spinal disorders1.12 Predictors of treatment outcome1.13 History & physical assessment1.14 Imaging studies1.15 Neurological assessment1.16 Neurophysiological investigations1.17 Pre-operative assessment1.18 Intraoperative anaesthesia management1.19 Postoperative management & pain control1.20 From clinical signs and symptoms to diagnosis in spinal disorders1.21 Spine registries1.22 The Role of Muscles in Adult Spinal Deformity2.1 Applied surgical anatomy of the spinal column, spinal cord, nerve roots and vertebral arteries2.2 Biomechanical considerations of degenerative cervical spine2.3 Kinematics of normal, degenerative, fused and disc-replaced cervical spines2.4 Degenerative disorders of the cervical spine2.5 Neurophysiological assessment2.6 Diagnostic injection studies (interventional radiology)2.7 Axial neck pain2.8 Axial neck pain – non-operative management2.9 Axial neck pain - operative management2.10 Clinical Findings, pathophysiology and natural history of cervical radiculopathy2.11 Cervical radiculopathy – non-operative management2.12 Cervical radiculopathy – surgical management2.13 Adjacent disc disease and management cervical TDR2.14 Pathology, clinical findings & imaging of clinical myelopathy2.15 Cervical myelopathy: medical myelopathies2.16 Natural history and non-operative management of cervical myelopathy2.17 Cervical myelopathy: surgical management2.18 Cervical myelopathy: OPLL3.1 Epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history and risk factors3.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic workup of disc herniation, radiculopathy and thoracic myelopathy3.3 Non-operative treatment, rehab, medication in lumbar disc herniation3.4 Surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation3.5 Imaging in lumbar and thoracic disc herniation and lumbar stenosis3.6 Thoracic disc herniations3.7 Epidemiology, pathogenesis and natural history in lumbar spinal stenosis3.8 Spinal stenosis: non-operative treatment, rehab, medication3.9 Surgical treatment of lumbar stenosis3.10 Lumbar spondylosis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history3.11 Clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, classification of degenerative lumbar spondylosis3.12 Lumbar spondylosis: non-operative treatment3.13 Imaging in degenerative lumbar and sacroiliac conditions3.14 Degenerative lumbar spondylosis: surgical treatment3.15 Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: epidemiology, diagnosis, classification3.16 Surgical treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis3.17 The continuum from degenerative conditions to new onset deformity3.18 Sacroiliac joint pain: evaluation and treatment3.19 Management of non-specific low back pain3.20 Psychosocial factors in low back related conditions3.21 Multidisciplinary approaches to treatment of low back pain4.1 Adult scoliosis - epidemiology, natural history, classification, clinical assessment, HRQOL4.2 Adult scoliosis and kyphosis: radiological assessment4.3 Idiopathic scoliosis in adults: are there specificities between 20 and 50 years?4.4 Degenerative scoliosis: clinical presentation and diagnostic workup4.5 Degenerative scoliosis: preoperative assessment & prevention of perioperative complications4.6 Degenerative scoliosis and stenosis4.7 Planning deformity correction: sagittal plane deformity correction techniques4.8 Minimally invasive treatment indications for adult deformity4.9 Degenerative scoliosis: complications of surgical treatment4.10 Osteotomies of the spine for adult deformity correction4.11 Pelvic Fixation Options4.12 Interbody Fusion for Scoliosis TLIF, ALIF, LLIF4.13 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Natural History, Radiology4.14 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Treatment Options4.15 Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)4.16 Adult Angular Kyphosis - classification, natural history, risk factors4.17 Adult Angular Kyphosis - surgical experience4.18 Sagittal balance in L5-S1 spondylolisthesis4.19 Imaging in spondylolisthesis4.20 Low grade adult spondylolisthesis – evidence based ‘best surgical practice’4.21 High Grade Spondylolisthesis - in situ Fusion Options4.22 High Grade Spondylolisthesis (SPL) analysis and surgical techniques indications5.1 Evolution of the 3D understanding for spinal deformities & scoliosis & their treatment5.2 Etiopathogenesis of Spinal Deformities in growing spine: Scoliosis & Sagittal Deformities5.3 Growth of the spine and thorax5.4 Idiopathic scoliosis and its natural history5.5 Early Onset Scoliosis specificity of treatment5.6 Secondary Scoliosis Specific Treatment5.7 Congenital deformities5.8 Spinal cord anomalies: spinal dysraphism5.9 Hyperkyphosis and Scheuermann disease5.10 Paediatric deformities: Imaging5.11 Biomechanics of the deformed spine5.12 Specific clinical assessment of deformities5.13 Role of cast treatment and HALO traction5.14 Indication for brace treatment5.15 Pre-op assessment – how to prepare complex cases5.16 Patient positioning in spinal surgery and blood saving5.17 Importance of alignment and consequences in adulthood5.18 Intraoperative neuromonitoring5.19 Bone fusion in spinal deformity5.20 Technique, strategy and indication in anterior approaches5.21 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: hybrid construct5.22 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: all-screw construct5.23 Iliac-sacral fixation options6.1 Cervical Spine Trauma: epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurology6.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic work up of spinal trauma6.3 Imaging of the sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.4 Classification of sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.5 General treatment principles and indications conservative treatment6.6 Specific Surgical Treatment of sub-axial Cervical Spine Fractures C3-C76.7 Upper CS: Instability and specific anatomical structures6.8 Imaging of the occipito-cervical junction post-trauma6.9 Classification of upper cervical spine trauma6.10 The treatment of upper cervical spine injuries6.11 Epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurodeficit in spine injuries6.12 Thoracic and lumbar spine trauma: clinical presentation and diagnosis6.13 Imaging of thoracolumbar injuries6.14 Classification of thoracolumbar fractures6.15 General principles and indication for conservative treatment of thoracolumbar spine fractures6.16 Specific surgical treatment of thoracolumbar spine injuries6.17 Osteoporotic Spine Fractures6.18 Sacral fractures6.19 Spinal injuries in children and young adults7.1 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of ependymoma of the spine7.2 Diagnosis and management of osteoid osteoma of the spine7.3 Diagnosis and management of eosinophilic granuloma of the spine7.4 Spinal tumours in early life7.5 Diagnosis and management of intradural extramedullary tumours7.6 Specific surgical management of primary tumours of the sacrum7.7 Chordoma of the spine7.8 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of aneurysmal bone cysts of the spine7.9 Chondrosarcoma of the mobile spine7.10 Primary spinal tumours: differential diagnosis, epidemiology & diagnostic work up7.11 Giant cell tumours of the spine: treatment options and strategies7.12 Specific technical aspects in multisegmental resection and reconstruction for tumours of the spine7.13 Multiple myeloma diagnosis and treatment7.14 Classification and differential diagnosis of spinal vascular malformations7.15 Pedicle screw placement and augmentation7.16 Spinal metastasis: diagnosis and staging7.17 Metastatic disease: surgical treatment options and results7.18 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of intramedullary spinal cord tumours7.19 Management of residual spinal tumours8.1 Spinal tuberculosis - epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical features8.2 Spinal tuberculosis - diagnostic tests and medical management8.3 Spinal tuberculosis - surgical management8.4 Spinal Infections: differential diagnostics, treatment decisions, principles8.5 Aetiology, pathogenic mechanisms and treatment of infections in spinal instrumentation8.6 Antibiotic treatment of spinal wound infections8.7 Antibiotic treatment of vertebral osteomyelitis, discitis and epidural abscess of the spine8.8 Epidemiology, pathophysiology and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.9 Natural history and treatment principles of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.10 Stabilising and corrective surgery of the thoracolumbar spine in ankylosing spondylitis8.11 Diagnosis and treatment of instability of the occipito-atlantoaxial spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.12 Surgical Management for the subaxial cervical spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.13 Overview of osteopathies relevant to the spine9.1 Complications & revisions in upper cervical spine9.2 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical procedures9.3 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical trauma9.4 Complications & revision surgery in anterior thoracic & thoracolumbar junction approaches9.5 Complications & revision surgery in anterior lumbar approaches9.6 Complications & revision surgery in lateral lumbar approaches9.7 Complications & revisions in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis9.8 Complications & revision in early-onset scoliosis (EOS)9.9 Complications & revision in neuromuscular, congenital and syndromic scoliosis9.10 Scheuermann kyphosis: surgical complications9.11 Complications & revision in adult deformity: inadequate correction and implant failure9.12 Complications & revision in adult deformity: junctional complications and secondary progression9.13 Complications & revision in lumbar disc herniation, stenosis, and lumbar degenerative conditions9.14 Complications & revision in thoracolumbar trauma9.15 Revision surgery in the osteoporotic spine9.16 Neurological complications9.17 Dural repair techniques and management of CSF fistulae9.18 Cage failures in lumbar interbody fusion9.19 Postoperative wound problems9.20 Post-operative infection in the spine: prevention and treatment strategy9.21 Patient positioning and complication avoidance9.22 Imaging of early complications9.23 Imaging of late complications

Lecture Choice 3 Lecture Choice 31.1 History of spinal disorders1.2 Spinal biomechanics1.3 Cell biology of the spine1.4 Age-related changes of the spine1.5 Pathways to spinal pain1.6 Genetics in spinal disorders1.7 Development of spinal deformity1.8 Spinal balance1.9 Biomechanics of spinal instrumentation1.10 Biologics in spine1.11 Epidemiology of spinal disorders1.12 Predictors of treatment outcome1.13 History & physical assessment1.14 Imaging studies1.15 Neurological assessment1.16 Neurophysiological investigations1.17 Pre-operative assessment1.18 Intraoperative anaesthesia management1.19 Postoperative management & pain control1.20 From clinical signs and symptoms to diagnosis in spinal disorders1.21 Spine registries1.22 The Role of Muscles in Adult Spinal Deformity2.1 Applied surgical anatomy of the spinal column, spinal cord, nerve roots and vertebral arteries2.2 Biomechanical considerations of degenerative cervical spine2.3 Kinematics of normal, degenerative, fused and disc-replaced cervical spines2.4 Degenerative disorders of the cervical spine2.5 Neurophysiological assessment2.6 Diagnostic injection studies (interventional radiology)2.7 Axial neck pain2.8 Axial neck pain – non-operative management2.9 Axial neck pain - operative management2.10 Clinical Findings, pathophysiology and natural history of cervical radiculopathy2.11 Cervical radiculopathy – non-operative management2.12 Cervical radiculopathy – surgical management2.13 Adjacent disc disease and management cervical TDR2.14 Pathology, clinical findings & imaging of clinical myelopathy2.15 Cervical myelopathy: medical myelopathies2.16 Natural history and non-operative management of cervical myelopathy2.17 Cervical myelopathy: surgical management2.18 Cervical myelopathy: OPLL3.1 Epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history and risk factors3.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic workup of disc herniation, radiculopathy and thoracic myelopathy3.3 Non-operative treatment, rehab, medication in lumbar disc herniation3.4 Surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation3.5 Imaging in lumbar and thoracic disc herniation and lumbar stenosis3.6 Thoracic disc herniations3.7 Epidemiology, pathogenesis and natural history in lumbar spinal stenosis3.8 Spinal stenosis: non-operative treatment, rehab, medication3.9 Surgical treatment of lumbar stenosis3.10 Lumbar spondylosis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history3.11 Clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, classification of degenerative lumbar spondylosis3.12 Lumbar spondylosis: non-operative treatment3.13 Imaging in degenerative lumbar and sacroiliac conditions3.14 Degenerative lumbar spondylosis: surgical treatment3.15 Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: epidemiology, diagnosis, classification3.16 Surgical treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis3.17 The continuum from degenerative conditions to new onset deformity3.18 Sacroiliac joint pain: evaluation and treatment3.19 Management of non-specific low back pain3.20 Psychosocial factors in low back related conditions3.21 Multidisciplinary approaches to treatment of low back pain4.1 Adult scoliosis - epidemiology, natural history, classification, clinical assessment, HRQOL4.2 Adult scoliosis and kyphosis: radiological assessment4.3 Idiopathic scoliosis in adults: are there specificities between 20 and 50 years?4.4 Degenerative scoliosis: clinical presentation and diagnostic workup4.5 Degenerative scoliosis: preoperative assessment & prevention of perioperative complications4.6 Degenerative scoliosis and stenosis4.7 Planning deformity correction: sagittal plane deformity correction techniques4.8 Minimally invasive treatment indications for adult deformity4.9 Degenerative scoliosis: complications of surgical treatment4.10 Osteotomies of the spine for adult deformity correction4.11 Pelvic Fixation Options4.12 Interbody Fusion for Scoliosis TLIF, ALIF, LLIF4.13 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Natural History, Radiology4.14 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Treatment Options4.15 Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)4.16 Adult Angular Kyphosis - classification, natural history, risk factors4.17 Adult Angular Kyphosis - surgical experience4.18 Sagittal balance in L5-S1 spondylolisthesis4.19 Imaging in spondylolisthesis4.20 Low grade adult spondylolisthesis – evidence based ‘best surgical practice’4.21 High Grade Spondylolisthesis - in situ Fusion Options4.22 High Grade Spondylolisthesis (SPL) analysis and surgical techniques indications5.1 Evolution of the 3D understanding for spinal deformities & scoliosis & their treatment5.2 Etiopathogenesis of Spinal Deformities in growing spine: Scoliosis & Sagittal Deformities5.3 Growth of the spine and thorax5.4 Idiopathic scoliosis and its natural history5.5 Early Onset Scoliosis specificity of treatment5.6 Secondary Scoliosis Specific Treatment5.7 Congenital deformities5.8 Spinal cord anomalies: spinal dysraphism5.9 Hyperkyphosis and Scheuermann disease5.10 Paediatric deformities: Imaging5.11 Biomechanics of the deformed spine5.12 Specific clinical assessment of deformities5.13 Role of cast treatment and HALO traction5.14 Indication for brace treatment5.15 Pre-op assessment – how to prepare complex cases5.16 Patient positioning in spinal surgery and blood saving5.17 Importance of alignment and consequences in adulthood5.18 Intraoperative neuromonitoring5.19 Bone fusion in spinal deformity5.20 Technique, strategy and indication in anterior approaches5.21 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: hybrid construct5.22 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: all-screw construct5.23 Iliac-sacral fixation options6.1 Cervical Spine Trauma: epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurology6.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic work up of spinal trauma6.3 Imaging of the sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.4 Classification of sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.5 General treatment principles and indications conservative treatment6.6 Specific Surgical Treatment of sub-axial Cervical Spine Fractures C3-C76.7 Upper CS: Instability and specific anatomical structures6.8 Imaging of the occipito-cervical junction post-trauma6.9 Classification of upper cervical spine trauma6.10 The treatment of upper cervical spine injuries6.11 Epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurodeficit in spine injuries6.12 Thoracic and lumbar spine trauma: clinical presentation and diagnosis6.13 Imaging of thoracolumbar injuries6.14 Classification of thoracolumbar fractures6.15 General principles and indication for conservative treatment of thoracolumbar spine fractures6.16 Specific surgical treatment of thoracolumbar spine injuries6.17 Osteoporotic Spine Fractures6.18 Sacral fractures6.19 Spinal injuries in children and young adults7.1 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of ependymoma of the spine7.2 Diagnosis and management of osteoid osteoma of the spine7.3 Diagnosis and management of eosinophilic granuloma of the spine7.4 Spinal tumours in early life7.5 Diagnosis and management of intradural extramedullary tumours7.6 Specific surgical management of primary tumours of the sacrum7.7 Chordoma of the spine7.8 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of aneurysmal bone cysts of the spine7.9 Chondrosarcoma of the mobile spine7.10 Primary spinal tumours: differential diagnosis, epidemiology & diagnostic work up7.11 Giant cell tumours of the spine: treatment options and strategies7.12 Specific technical aspects in multisegmental resection and reconstruction for tumours of the spine7.13 Multiple myeloma diagnosis and treatment7.14 Classification and differential diagnosis of spinal vascular malformations7.15 Pedicle screw placement and augmentation7.16 Spinal metastasis: diagnosis and staging7.17 Metastatic disease: surgical treatment options and results7.18 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of intramedullary spinal cord tumours7.19 Management of residual spinal tumours8.1 Spinal tuberculosis - epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical features8.2 Spinal tuberculosis - diagnostic tests and medical management8.3 Spinal tuberculosis - surgical management8.4 Spinal Infections: differential diagnostics, treatment decisions, principles8.5 Aetiology, pathogenic mechanisms and treatment of infections in spinal instrumentation8.6 Antibiotic treatment of spinal wound infections8.7 Antibiotic treatment of vertebral osteomyelitis, discitis and epidural abscess of the spine8.8 Epidemiology, pathophysiology and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.9 Natural history and treatment principles of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.10 Stabilising and corrective surgery of the thoracolumbar spine in ankylosing spondylitis8.11 Diagnosis and treatment of instability of the occipito-atlantoaxial spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.12 Surgical Management for the subaxial cervical spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.13 Overview of osteopathies relevant to the spine9.1 Complications & revisions in upper cervical spine9.2 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical procedures9.3 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical trauma9.4 Complications & revision surgery in anterior thoracic & thoracolumbar junction approaches9.5 Complications & revision surgery in anterior lumbar approaches9.6 Complications & revision surgery in lateral lumbar approaches9.7 Complications & revisions in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis9.8 Complications & revision in early-onset scoliosis (EOS)9.9 Complications & revision in neuromuscular, congenital and syndromic scoliosis9.10 Scheuermann kyphosis: surgical complications9.11 Complications & revision in adult deformity: inadequate correction and implant failure9.12 Complications & revision in adult deformity: junctional complications and secondary progression9.13 Complications & revision in lumbar disc herniation, stenosis, and lumbar degenerative conditions9.14 Complications & revision in thoracolumbar trauma9.15 Revision surgery in the osteoporotic spine9.16 Neurological complications9.17 Dural repair techniques and management of CSF fistulae9.18 Cage failures in lumbar interbody fusion9.19 Postoperative wound problems9.20 Post-operative infection in the spine: prevention and treatment strategy9.21 Patient positioning and complication avoidance9.22 Imaging of early complications9.23 Imaging of late complications

Lecture Choice 4 Lecture Choice 41.1 History of spinal disorders1.2 Spinal biomechanics1.3 Cell biology of the spine1.4 Age-related changes of the spine1.5 Pathways to spinal pain1.6 Genetics in spinal disorders1.7 Development of spinal deformity1.8 Spinal balance1.9 Biomechanics of spinal instrumentation1.10 Biologics in spine1.11 Epidemiology of spinal disorders1.12 Predictors of treatment outcome1.13 History & physical assessment1.14 Imaging studies1.15 Neurological assessment1.16 Neurophysiological investigations1.17 Pre-operative assessment1.18 Intraoperative anaesthesia management1.19 Postoperative management & pain control1.20 From clinical signs and symptoms to diagnosis in spinal disorders1.21 Spine registries1.22 The Role of Muscles in Adult Spinal Deformity2.1 Applied surgical anatomy of the spinal column, spinal cord, nerve roots and vertebral arteries2.2 Biomechanical considerations of degenerative cervical spine2.3 Kinematics of normal, degenerative, fused and disc-replaced cervical spines2.4 Degenerative disorders of the cervical spine2.5 Neurophysiological assessment2.6 Diagnostic injection studies (interventional radiology)2.7 Axial neck pain2.8 Axial neck pain – non-operative management2.9 Axial neck pain - operative management2.10 Clinical Findings, pathophysiology and natural history of cervical radiculopathy2.11 Cervical radiculopathy – non-operative management2.12 Cervical radiculopathy – surgical management2.13 Adjacent disc disease and management cervical TDR2.14 Pathology, clinical findings & imaging of clinical myelopathy2.15 Cervical myelopathy: medical myelopathies2.16 Natural history and non-operative management of cervical myelopathy2.17 Cervical myelopathy: surgical management2.18 Cervical myelopathy: OPLL3.1 Epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history and risk factors3.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic workup of disc herniation, radiculopathy and thoracic myelopathy3.3 Non-operative treatment, rehab, medication in lumbar disc herniation3.4 Surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation3.5 Imaging in lumbar and thoracic disc herniation and lumbar stenosis3.6 Thoracic disc herniations3.7 Epidemiology, pathogenesis and natural history in lumbar spinal stenosis3.8 Spinal stenosis: non-operative treatment, rehab, medication3.9 Surgical treatment of lumbar stenosis3.10 Lumbar spondylosis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history3.11 Clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, classification of degenerative lumbar spondylosis3.12 Lumbar spondylosis: non-operative treatment3.13 Imaging in degenerative lumbar and sacroiliac conditions3.14 Degenerative lumbar spondylosis: surgical treatment3.15 Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: epidemiology, diagnosis, classification3.16 Surgical treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis3.17 The continuum from degenerative conditions to new onset deformity3.18 Sacroiliac joint pain: evaluation and treatment3.19 Management of non-specific low back pain3.20 Psychosocial factors in low back related conditions3.21 Multidisciplinary approaches to treatment of low back pain4.1 Adult scoliosis - epidemiology, natural history, classification, clinical assessment, HRQOL4.2 Adult scoliosis and kyphosis: radiological assessment4.3 Idiopathic scoliosis in adults: are there specificities between 20 and 50 years?4.4 Degenerative scoliosis: clinical presentation and diagnostic workup4.5 Degenerative scoliosis: preoperative assessment & prevention of perioperative complications4.6 Degenerative scoliosis and stenosis4.7 Planning deformity correction: sagittal plane deformity correction techniques4.8 Minimally invasive treatment indications for adult deformity4.9 Degenerative scoliosis: complications of surgical treatment4.10 Osteotomies of the spine for adult deformity correction4.11 Pelvic Fixation Options4.12 Interbody Fusion for Scoliosis TLIF, ALIF, LLIF4.13 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Natural History, Radiology4.14 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Treatment Options4.15 Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)4.16 Adult Angular Kyphosis - classification, natural history, risk factors4.17 Adult Angular Kyphosis - surgical experience4.18 Sagittal balance in L5-S1 spondylolisthesis4.19 Imaging in spondylolisthesis4.20 Low grade adult spondylolisthesis – evidence based ‘best surgical practice’4.21 High Grade Spondylolisthesis - in situ Fusion Options4.22 High Grade Spondylolisthesis (SPL) analysis and surgical techniques indications5.1 Evolution of the 3D understanding for spinal deformities & scoliosis & their treatment5.2 Etiopathogenesis of Spinal Deformities in growing spine: Scoliosis & Sagittal Deformities5.3 Growth of the spine and thorax5.4 Idiopathic scoliosis and its natural history5.5 Early Onset Scoliosis specificity of treatment5.6 Secondary Scoliosis Specific Treatment5.7 Congenital deformities5.8 Spinal cord anomalies: spinal dysraphism5.9 Hyperkyphosis and Scheuermann disease5.10 Paediatric deformities: Imaging5.11 Biomechanics of the deformed spine5.12 Specific clinical assessment of deformities5.13 Role of cast treatment and HALO traction5.14 Indication for brace treatment5.15 Pre-op assessment – how to prepare complex cases5.16 Patient positioning in spinal surgery and blood saving5.17 Importance of alignment and consequences in adulthood5.18 Intraoperative neuromonitoring5.19 Bone fusion in spinal deformity5.20 Technique, strategy and indication in anterior approaches5.21 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: hybrid construct5.22 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: all-screw construct5.23 Iliac-sacral fixation options6.1 Cervical Spine Trauma: epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurology6.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic work up of spinal trauma6.3 Imaging of the sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.4 Classification of sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.5 General treatment principles and indications conservative treatment6.6 Specific Surgical Treatment of sub-axial Cervical Spine Fractures C3-C76.7 Upper CS: Instability and specific anatomical structures6.8 Imaging of the occipito-cervical junction post-trauma6.9 Classification of upper cervical spine trauma6.10 The treatment of upper cervical spine injuries6.11 Epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurodeficit in spine injuries6.12 Thoracic and lumbar spine trauma: clinical presentation and diagnosis6.13 Imaging of thoracolumbar injuries6.14 Classification of thoracolumbar fractures6.15 General principles and indication for conservative treatment of thoracolumbar spine fractures6.16 Specific surgical treatment of thoracolumbar spine injuries6.17 Osteoporotic Spine Fractures6.18 Sacral fractures6.19 Spinal injuries in children and young adults7.1 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of ependymoma of the spine7.2 Diagnosis and management of osteoid osteoma of the spine7.3 Diagnosis and management of eosinophilic granuloma of the spine7.4 Spinal tumours in early life7.5 Diagnosis and management of intradural extramedullary tumours7.6 Specific surgical management of primary tumours of the sacrum7.7 Chordoma of the spine7.8 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of aneurysmal bone cysts of the spine7.9 Chondrosarcoma of the mobile spine7.10 Primary spinal tumours: differential diagnosis, epidemiology & diagnostic work up7.11 Giant cell tumours of the spine: treatment options and strategies7.12 Specific technical aspects in multisegmental resection and reconstruction for tumours of the spine7.13 Multiple myeloma diagnosis and treatment7.14 Classification and differential diagnosis of spinal vascular malformations7.15 Pedicle screw placement and augmentation7.16 Spinal metastasis: diagnosis and staging7.17 Metastatic disease: surgical treatment options and results7.18 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of intramedullary spinal cord tumours7.19 Management of residual spinal tumours8.1 Spinal tuberculosis - epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical features8.2 Spinal tuberculosis - diagnostic tests and medical management8.3 Spinal tuberculosis - surgical management8.4 Spinal Infections: differential diagnostics, treatment decisions, principles8.5 Aetiology, pathogenic mechanisms and treatment of infections in spinal instrumentation8.6 Antibiotic treatment of spinal wound infections8.7 Antibiotic treatment of vertebral osteomyelitis, discitis and epidural abscess of the spine8.8 Epidemiology, pathophysiology and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.9 Natural history and treatment principles of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.10 Stabilising and corrective surgery of the thoracolumbar spine in ankylosing spondylitis8.11 Diagnosis and treatment of instability of the occipito-atlantoaxial spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.12 Surgical Management for the subaxial cervical spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.13 Overview of osteopathies relevant to the spine9.1 Complications & revisions in upper cervical spine9.2 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical procedures9.3 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical trauma9.4 Complications & revision surgery in anterior thoracic & thoracolumbar junction approaches9.5 Complications & revision surgery in anterior lumbar approaches9.6 Complications & revision surgery in lateral lumbar approaches9.7 Complications & revisions in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis9.8 Complications & revision in early-onset scoliosis (EOS)9.9 Complications & revision in neuromuscular, congenital and syndromic scoliosis9.10 Scheuermann kyphosis: surgical complications9.11 Complications & revision in adult deformity: inadequate correction and implant failure9.12 Complications & revision in adult deformity: junctional complications and secondary progression9.13 Complications & revision in lumbar disc herniation, stenosis, and lumbar degenerative conditions9.14 Complications & revision in thoracolumbar trauma9.15 Revision surgery in the osteoporotic spine9.16 Neurological complications9.17 Dural repair techniques and management of CSF fistulae9.18 Cage failures in lumbar interbody fusion9.19 Postoperative wound problems9.20 Post-operative infection in the spine: prevention and treatment strategy9.21 Patient positioning and complication avoidance9.22 Imaging of early complications9.23 Imaging of late complications

Lecture Choice 5 Lecture Choice 51.1 History of spinal disorders1.2 Spinal biomechanics1.3 Cell biology of the spine1.4 Age-related changes of the spine1.5 Pathways to spinal pain1.6 Genetics in spinal disorders1.7 Development of spinal deformity1.8 Spinal balance1.9 Biomechanics of spinal instrumentation1.10 Biologics in spine1.11 Epidemiology of spinal disorders1.12 Predictors of treatment outcome1.13 History & physical assessment1.14 Imaging studies1.15 Neurological assessment1.16 Neurophysiological investigations1.17 Pre-operative assessment1.18 Intraoperative anaesthesia management1.19 Postoperative management & pain control1.20 From clinical signs and symptoms to diagnosis in spinal disorders1.21 Spine registries1.22 The Role of Muscles in Adult Spinal Deformity2.1 Applied surgical anatomy of the spinal column, spinal cord, nerve roots and vertebral arteries2.2 Biomechanical considerations of degenerative cervical spine2.3 Kinematics of normal, degenerative, fused and disc-replaced cervical spines2.4 Degenerative disorders of the cervical spine2.5 Neurophysiological assessment2.6 Diagnostic injection studies (interventional radiology)2.7 Axial neck pain2.8 Axial neck pain – non-operative management2.9 Axial neck pain - operative management2.10 Clinical Findings, pathophysiology and natural history of cervical radiculopathy2.11 Cervical radiculopathy – non-operative management2.12 Cervical radiculopathy – surgical management2.13 Adjacent disc disease and management cervical TDR2.14 Pathology, clinical findings & imaging of clinical myelopathy2.15 Cervical myelopathy: medical myelopathies2.16 Natural history and non-operative management of cervical myelopathy2.17 Cervical myelopathy: surgical management2.18 Cervical myelopathy: OPLL3.1 Epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history and risk factors3.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic workup of disc herniation, radiculopathy and thoracic myelopathy3.3 Non-operative treatment, rehab, medication in lumbar disc herniation3.4 Surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation3.5 Imaging in lumbar and thoracic disc herniation and lumbar stenosis3.6 Thoracic disc herniations3.7 Epidemiology, pathogenesis and natural history in lumbar spinal stenosis3.8 Spinal stenosis: non-operative treatment, rehab, medication3.9 Surgical treatment of lumbar stenosis3.10 Lumbar spondylosis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history3.11 Clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, classification of degenerative lumbar spondylosis3.12 Lumbar spondylosis: non-operative treatment3.13 Imaging in degenerative lumbar and sacroiliac conditions3.14 Degenerative lumbar spondylosis: surgical treatment3.15 Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: epidemiology, diagnosis, classification3.16 Surgical treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis3.17 The continuum from degenerative conditions to new onset deformity3.18 Sacroiliac joint pain: evaluation and treatment3.19 Management of non-specific low back pain3.20 Psychosocial factors in low back related conditions3.21 Multidisciplinary approaches to treatment of low back pain4.1 Adult scoliosis - epidemiology, natural history, classification, clinical assessment, HRQOL4.2 Adult scoliosis and kyphosis: radiological assessment4.3 Idiopathic scoliosis in adults: are there specificities between 20 and 50 years?4.4 Degenerative scoliosis: clinical presentation and diagnostic workup4.5 Degenerative scoliosis: preoperative assessment & prevention of perioperative complications4.6 Degenerative scoliosis and stenosis4.7 Planning deformity correction: sagittal plane deformity correction techniques4.8 Minimally invasive treatment indications for adult deformity4.9 Degenerative scoliosis: complications of surgical treatment4.10 Osteotomies of the spine for adult deformity correction4.11 Pelvic Fixation Options4.12 Interbody Fusion for Scoliosis TLIF, ALIF, LLIF4.13 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Natural History, Radiology4.14 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Treatment Options4.15 Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)4.16 Adult Angular Kyphosis - classification, natural history, risk factors4.17 Adult Angular Kyphosis - surgical experience4.18 Sagittal balance in L5-S1 spondylolisthesis4.19 Imaging in spondylolisthesis4.20 Low grade adult spondylolisthesis – evidence based ‘best surgical practice’4.21 High Grade Spondylolisthesis - in situ Fusion Options4.22 High Grade Spondylolisthesis (SPL) analysis and surgical techniques indications5.1 Evolution of the 3D understanding for spinal deformities & scoliosis & their treatment5.2 Etiopathogenesis of Spinal Deformities in growing spine: Scoliosis & Sagittal Deformities5.3 Growth of the spine and thorax5.4 Idiopathic scoliosis and its natural history5.5 Early Onset Scoliosis specificity of treatment5.6 Secondary Scoliosis Specific Treatment5.7 Congenital deformities5.8 Spinal cord anomalies: spinal dysraphism5.9 Hyperkyphosis and Scheuermann disease5.10 Paediatric deformities: Imaging5.11 Biomechanics of the deformed spine5.12 Specific clinical assessment of deformities5.13 Role of cast treatment and HALO traction5.14 Indication for brace treatment5.15 Pre-op assessment – how to prepare complex cases5.16 Patient positioning in spinal surgery and blood saving5.17 Importance of alignment and consequences in adulthood5.18 Intraoperative neuromonitoring5.19 Bone fusion in spinal deformity5.20 Technique, strategy and indication in anterior approaches5.21 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: hybrid construct5.22 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: all-screw construct5.23 Iliac-sacral fixation options6.1 Cervical Spine Trauma: epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurology6.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic work up of spinal trauma6.3 Imaging of the sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.4 Classification of sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.5 General treatment principles and indications conservative treatment6.6 Specific Surgical Treatment of sub-axial Cervical Spine Fractures C3-C76.7 Upper CS: Instability and specific anatomical structures6.8 Imaging of the occipito-cervical junction post-trauma6.9 Classification of upper cervical spine trauma6.10 The treatment of upper cervical spine injuries6.11 Epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurodeficit in spine injuries6.12 Thoracic and lumbar spine trauma: clinical presentation and diagnosis6.13 Imaging of thoracolumbar injuries6.14 Classification of thoracolumbar fractures6.15 General principles and indication for conservative treatment of thoracolumbar spine fractures6.16 Specific surgical treatment of thoracolumbar spine injuries6.17 Osteoporotic Spine Fractures6.18 Sacral fractures6.19 Spinal injuries in children and young adults7.1 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of ependymoma of the spine7.2 Diagnosis and management of osteoid osteoma of the spine7.3 Diagnosis and management of eosinophilic granuloma of the spine7.4 Spinal tumours in early life7.5 Diagnosis and management of intradural extramedullary tumours7.6 Specific surgical management of primary tumours of the sacrum7.7 Chordoma of the spine7.8 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of aneurysmal bone cysts of the spine7.9 Chondrosarcoma of the mobile spine7.10 Primary spinal tumours: differential diagnosis, epidemiology & diagnostic work up7.11 Giant cell tumours of the spine: treatment options and strategies7.12 Specific technical aspects in multisegmental resection and reconstruction for tumours of the spine7.13 Multiple myeloma diagnosis and treatment7.14 Classification and differential diagnosis of spinal vascular malformations7.15 Pedicle screw placement and augmentation7.16 Spinal metastasis: diagnosis and staging7.17 Metastatic disease: surgical treatment options and results7.18 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of intramedullary spinal cord tumours7.19 Management of residual spinal tumours8.1 Spinal tuberculosis - epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical features8.2 Spinal tuberculosis - diagnostic tests and medical management8.3 Spinal tuberculosis - surgical management8.4 Spinal Infections: differential diagnostics, treatment decisions, principles8.5 Aetiology, pathogenic mechanisms and treatment of infections in spinal instrumentation8.6 Antibiotic treatment of spinal wound infections8.7 Antibiotic treatment of vertebral osteomyelitis, discitis and epidural abscess of the spine8.8 Epidemiology, pathophysiology and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.9 Natural history and treatment principles of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.10 Stabilising and corrective surgery of the thoracolumbar spine in ankylosing spondylitis8.11 Diagnosis and treatment of instability of the occipito-atlantoaxial spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.12 Surgical Management for the subaxial cervical spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.13 Overview of osteopathies relevant to the spine9.1 Complications & revisions in upper cervical spine9.2 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical procedures9.3 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical trauma9.4 Complications & revision surgery in anterior thoracic & thoracolumbar junction approaches9.5 Complications & revision surgery in anterior lumbar approaches9.6 Complications & revision surgery in lateral lumbar approaches9.7 Complications & revisions in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis9.8 Complications & revision in early-onset scoliosis (EOS)9.9 Complications & revision in neuromuscular, congenital and syndromic scoliosis9.10 Scheuermann kyphosis: surgical complications9.11 Complications & revision in adult deformity: inadequate correction and implant failure9.12 Complications & revision in adult deformity: junctional complications and secondary progression9.13 Complications & revision in lumbar disc herniation, stenosis, and lumbar degenerative conditions9.14 Complications & revision in thoracolumbar trauma9.15 Revision surgery in the osteoporotic spine9.16 Neurological complications9.17 Dural repair techniques and management of CSF fistulae9.18 Cage failures in lumbar interbody fusion9.19 Postoperative wound problems9.20 Post-operative infection in the spine: prevention and treatment strategy9.21 Patient positioning and complication avoidance9.22 Imaging of early complications9.23 Imaging of late complications

Lecture Choice 6 Lecture Choice 61.1 History of spinal disorders1.2 Spinal biomechanics1.3 Cell biology of the spine1.4 Age-related changes of the spine1.5 Pathways to spinal pain1.6 Genetics in spinal disorders1.7 Development of spinal deformity1.8 Spinal balance1.9 Biomechanics of spinal instrumentation1.10 Biologics in spine1.11 Epidemiology of spinal disorders1.12 Predictors of treatment outcome1.13 History & physical assessment1.14 Imaging studies1.15 Neurological assessment1.16 Neurophysiological investigations1.17 Pre-operative assessment1.18 Intraoperative anaesthesia management1.19 Postoperative management & pain control1.20 From clinical signs and symptoms to diagnosis in spinal disorders1.21 Spine registries1.22 The Role of Muscles in Adult Spinal Deformity2.1 Applied surgical anatomy of the spinal column, spinal cord, nerve roots and vertebral arteries2.2 Biomechanical considerations of degenerative cervical spine2.3 Kinematics of normal, degenerative, fused and disc-replaced cervical spines2.4 Degenerative disorders of the cervical spine2.5 Neurophysiological assessment2.6 Diagnostic injection studies (interventional radiology)2.7 Axial neck pain2.8 Axial neck pain – non-operative management2.9 Axial neck pain - operative management2.10 Clinical Findings, pathophysiology and natural history of cervical radiculopathy2.11 Cervical radiculopathy – non-operative management2.12 Cervical radiculopathy – surgical management2.13 Adjacent disc disease and management cervical TDR2.14 Pathology, clinical findings & imaging of clinical myelopathy2.15 Cervical myelopathy: medical myelopathies2.16 Natural history and non-operative management of cervical myelopathy2.17 Cervical myelopathy: surgical management2.18 Cervical myelopathy: OPLL3.1 Epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history and risk factors3.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic workup of disc herniation, radiculopathy and thoracic myelopathy3.3 Non-operative treatment, rehab, medication in lumbar disc herniation3.4 Surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation3.5 Imaging in lumbar and thoracic disc herniation and lumbar stenosis3.6 Thoracic disc herniations3.7 Epidemiology, pathogenesis and natural history in lumbar spinal stenosis3.8 Spinal stenosis: non-operative treatment, rehab, medication3.9 Surgical treatment of lumbar stenosis3.10 Lumbar spondylosis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history3.11 Clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, classification of degenerative lumbar spondylosis3.12 Lumbar spondylosis: non-operative treatment3.13 Imaging in degenerative lumbar and sacroiliac conditions3.14 Degenerative lumbar spondylosis: surgical treatment3.15 Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: epidemiology, diagnosis, classification3.16 Surgical treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis3.17 The continuum from degenerative conditions to new onset deformity3.18 Sacroiliac joint pain: evaluation and treatment3.19 Management of non-specific low back pain3.20 Psychosocial factors in low back related conditions3.21 Multidisciplinary approaches to treatment of low back pain4.1 Adult scoliosis - epidemiology, natural history, classification, clinical assessment, HRQOL4.2 Adult scoliosis and kyphosis: radiological assessment4.3 Idiopathic scoliosis in adults: are there specificities between 20 and 50 years?4.4 Degenerative scoliosis: clinical presentation and diagnostic workup4.5 Degenerative scoliosis: preoperative assessment & prevention of perioperative complications4.6 Degenerative scoliosis and stenosis4.7 Planning deformity correction: sagittal plane deformity correction techniques4.8 Minimally invasive treatment indications for adult deformity4.9 Degenerative scoliosis: complications of surgical treatment4.10 Osteotomies of the spine for adult deformity correction4.11 Pelvic Fixation Options4.12 Interbody Fusion for Scoliosis TLIF, ALIF, LLIF4.13 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Natural History, Radiology4.14 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Treatment Options4.15 Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)4.16 Adult Angular Kyphosis - classification, natural history, risk factors4.17 Adult Angular Kyphosis - surgical experience4.18 Sagittal balance in L5-S1 spondylolisthesis4.19 Imaging in spondylolisthesis4.20 Low grade adult spondylolisthesis – evidence based ‘best surgical practice’4.21 High Grade Spondylolisthesis - in situ Fusion Options4.22 High Grade Spondylolisthesis (SPL) analysis and surgical techniques indications5.1 Evolution of the 3D understanding for spinal deformities & scoliosis & their treatment5.2 Etiopathogenesis of Spinal Deformities in growing spine: Scoliosis & Sagittal Deformities5.3 Growth of the spine and thorax5.4 Idiopathic scoliosis and its natural history5.5 Early Onset Scoliosis specificity of treatment5.6 Secondary Scoliosis Specific Treatment5.7 Congenital deformities5.8 Spinal cord anomalies: spinal dysraphism5.9 Hyperkyphosis and Scheuermann disease5.10 Paediatric deformities: Imaging5.11 Biomechanics of the deformed spine5.12 Specific clinical assessment of deformities5.13 Role of cast treatment and HALO traction5.14 Indication for brace treatment5.15 Pre-op assessment – how to prepare complex cases5.16 Patient positioning in spinal surgery and blood saving5.17 Importance of alignment and consequences in adulthood5.18 Intraoperative neuromonitoring5.19 Bone fusion in spinal deformity5.20 Technique, strategy and indication in anterior approaches5.21 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: hybrid construct5.22 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: all-screw construct5.23 Iliac-sacral fixation options6.1 Cervical Spine Trauma: epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurology6.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic work up of spinal trauma6.3 Imaging of the sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.4 Classification of sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.5 General treatment principles and indications conservative treatment6.6 Specific Surgical Treatment of sub-axial Cervical Spine Fractures C3-C76.7 Upper CS: Instability and specific anatomical structures6.8 Imaging of the occipito-cervical junction post-trauma6.9 Classification of upper cervical spine trauma6.10 The treatment of upper cervical spine injuries6.11 Epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurodeficit in spine injuries6.12 Thoracic and lumbar spine trauma: clinical presentation and diagnosis6.13 Imaging of thoracolumbar injuries6.14 Classification of thoracolumbar fractures6.15 General principles and indication for conservative treatment of thoracolumbar spine fractures6.16 Specific surgical treatment of thoracolumbar spine injuries6.17 Osteoporotic Spine Fractures6.18 Sacral fractures6.19 Spinal injuries in children and young adults7.1 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of ependymoma of the spine7.2 Diagnosis and management of osteoid osteoma of the spine7.3 Diagnosis and management of eosinophilic granuloma of the spine7.4 Spinal tumours in early life7.5 Diagnosis and management of intradural extramedullary tumours7.6 Specific surgical management of primary tumours of the sacrum7.7 Chordoma of the spine7.8 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of aneurysmal bone cysts of the spine7.9 Chondrosarcoma of the mobile spine7.10 Primary spinal tumours: differential diagnosis, epidemiology & diagnostic work up7.11 Giant cell tumours of the spine: treatment options and strategies7.12 Specific technical aspects in multisegmental resection and reconstruction for tumours of the spine7.13 Multiple myeloma diagnosis and treatment7.14 Classification and differential diagnosis of spinal vascular malformations7.15 Pedicle screw placement and augmentation7.16 Spinal metastasis: diagnosis and staging7.17 Metastatic disease: surgical treatment options and results7.18 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of intramedullary spinal cord tumours7.19 Management of residual spinal tumours8.1 Spinal tuberculosis - epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical features8.2 Spinal tuberculosis - diagnostic tests and medical management8.3 Spinal tuberculosis - surgical management8.4 Spinal Infections: differential diagnostics, treatment decisions, principles8.5 Aetiology, pathogenic mechanisms and treatment of infections in spinal instrumentation8.6 Antibiotic treatment of spinal wound infections8.7 Antibiotic treatment of vertebral osteomyelitis, discitis and epidural abscess of the spine8.8 Epidemiology, pathophysiology and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.9 Natural history and treatment principles of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.10 Stabilising and corrective surgery of the thoracolumbar spine in ankylosing spondylitis8.11 Diagnosis and treatment of instability of the occipito-atlantoaxial spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.12 Surgical Management for the subaxial cervical spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.13 Overview of osteopathies relevant to the spine9.1 Complications & revisions in upper cervical spine9.2 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical procedures9.3 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical trauma9.4 Complications & revision surgery in anterior thoracic & thoracolumbar junction approaches9.5 Complications & revision surgery in anterior lumbar approaches9.6 Complications & revision surgery in lateral lumbar approaches9.7 Complications & revisions in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis9.8 Complications & revision in early-onset scoliosis (EOS)9.9 Complications & revision in neuromuscular, congenital and syndromic scoliosis9.10 Scheuermann kyphosis: surgical complications9.11 Complications & revision in adult deformity: inadequate correction and implant failure9.12 Complications & revision in adult deformity: junctional complications and secondary progression9.13 Complications & revision in lumbar disc herniation, stenosis, and lumbar degenerative conditions9.14 Complications & revision in thoracolumbar trauma9.15 Revision surgery in the osteoporotic spine9.16 Neurological complications9.17 Dural repair techniques and management of CSF fistulae9.18 Cage failures in lumbar interbody fusion9.19 Postoperative wound problems9.20 Post-operative infection in the spine: prevention and treatment strategy9.21 Patient positioning and complication avoidance9.22 Imaging of early complications9.23 Imaging of late complications

Lecture Choice 7 Lecture Choice 71.1 History of spinal disorders1.2 Spinal biomechanics1.3 Cell biology of the spine1.4 Age-related changes of the spine1.5 Pathways to spinal pain1.6 Genetics in spinal disorders1.7 Development of spinal deformity1.8 Spinal balance1.9 Biomechanics of spinal instrumentation1.10 Biologics in spine1.11 Epidemiology of spinal disorders1.12 Predictors of treatment outcome1.13 History & physical assessment1.14 Imaging studies1.15 Neurological assessment1.16 Neurophysiological investigations1.17 Pre-operative assessment1.18 Intraoperative anaesthesia management1.19 Postoperative management & pain control1.20 From clinical signs and symptoms to diagnosis in spinal disorders1.21 Spine registries1.22 The Role of Muscles in Adult Spinal Deformity2.1 Applied surgical anatomy of the spinal column, spinal cord, nerve roots and vertebral arteries2.2 Biomechanical considerations of degenerative cervical spine2.3 Kinematics of normal, degenerative, fused and disc-replaced cervical spines2.4 Degenerative disorders of the cervical spine2.5 Neurophysiological assessment2.6 Diagnostic injection studies (interventional radiology)2.7 Axial neck pain2.8 Axial neck pain – non-operative management2.9 Axial neck pain - operative management2.10 Clinical Findings, pathophysiology and natural history of cervical radiculopathy2.11 Cervical radiculopathy – non-operative management2.12 Cervical radiculopathy – surgical management2.13 Adjacent disc disease and management cervical TDR2.14 Pathology, clinical findings & imaging of clinical myelopathy2.15 Cervical myelopathy: medical myelopathies2.16 Natural history and non-operative management of cervical myelopathy2.17 Cervical myelopathy: surgical management2.18 Cervical myelopathy: OPLL3.1 Epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history and risk factors3.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic workup of disc herniation, radiculopathy and thoracic myelopathy3.3 Non-operative treatment, rehab, medication in lumbar disc herniation3.4 Surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation3.5 Imaging in lumbar and thoracic disc herniation and lumbar stenosis3.6 Thoracic disc herniations3.7 Epidemiology, pathogenesis and natural history in lumbar spinal stenosis3.8 Spinal stenosis: non-operative treatment, rehab, medication3.9 Surgical treatment of lumbar stenosis3.10 Lumbar spondylosis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history3.11 Clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, classification of degenerative lumbar spondylosis3.12 Lumbar spondylosis: non-operative treatment3.13 Imaging in degenerative lumbar and sacroiliac conditions3.14 Degenerative lumbar spondylosis: surgical treatment3.15 Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: epidemiology, diagnosis, classification3.16 Surgical treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis3.17 The continuum from degenerative conditions to new onset deformity3.18 Sacroiliac joint pain: evaluation and treatment3.19 Management of non-specific low back pain3.20 Psychosocial factors in low back related conditions3.21 Multidisciplinary approaches to treatment of low back pain4.1 Adult scoliosis - epidemiology, natural history, classification, clinical assessment, HRQOL4.2 Adult scoliosis and kyphosis: radiological assessment4.3 Idiopathic scoliosis in adults: are there specificities between 20 and 50 years?4.4 Degenerative scoliosis: clinical presentation and diagnostic workup4.5 Degenerative scoliosis: preoperative assessment & prevention of perioperative complications4.6 Degenerative scoliosis and stenosis4.7 Planning deformity correction: sagittal plane deformity correction techniques4.8 Minimally invasive treatment indications for adult deformity4.9 Degenerative scoliosis: complications of surgical treatment4.10 Osteotomies of the spine for adult deformity correction4.11 Pelvic Fixation Options4.12 Interbody Fusion for Scoliosis TLIF, ALIF, LLIF4.13 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Natural History, Radiology4.14 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Treatment Options4.15 Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)4.16 Adult Angular Kyphosis - classification, natural history, risk factors4.17 Adult Angular Kyphosis - surgical experience4.18 Sagittal balance in L5-S1 spondylolisthesis4.19 Imaging in spondylolisthesis4.20 Low grade adult spondylolisthesis – evidence based ‘best surgical practice’4.21 High Grade Spondylolisthesis - in situ Fusion Options4.22 High Grade Spondylolisthesis (SPL) analysis and surgical techniques indications5.1 Evolution of the 3D understanding for spinal deformities & scoliosis & their treatment5.2 Etiopathogenesis of Spinal Deformities in growing spine: Scoliosis & Sagittal Deformities5.3 Growth of the spine and thorax5.4 Idiopathic scoliosis and its natural history5.5 Early Onset Scoliosis specificity of treatment5.6 Secondary Scoliosis Specific Treatment5.7 Congenital deformities5.8 Spinal cord anomalies: spinal dysraphism5.9 Hyperkyphosis and Scheuermann disease5.10 Paediatric deformities: Imaging5.11 Biomechanics of the deformed spine5.12 Specific clinical assessment of deformities5.13 Role of cast treatment and HALO traction5.14 Indication for brace treatment5.15 Pre-op assessment – how to prepare complex cases5.16 Patient positioning in spinal surgery and blood saving5.17 Importance of alignment and consequences in adulthood5.18 Intraoperative neuromonitoring5.19 Bone fusion in spinal deformity5.20 Technique, strategy and indication in anterior approaches5.21 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: hybrid construct5.22 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: all-screw construct5.23 Iliac-sacral fixation options6.1 Cervical Spine Trauma: epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurology6.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic work up of spinal trauma6.3 Imaging of the sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.4 Classification of sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.5 General treatment principles and indications conservative treatment6.6 Specific Surgical Treatment of sub-axial Cervical Spine Fractures C3-C76.7 Upper CS: Instability and specific anatomical structures6.8 Imaging of the occipito-cervical junction post-trauma6.9 Classification of upper cervical spine trauma6.10 The treatment of upper cervical spine injuries6.11 Epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurodeficit in spine injuries6.12 Thoracic and lumbar spine trauma: clinical presentation and diagnosis6.13 Imaging of thoracolumbar injuries6.14 Classification of thoracolumbar fractures6.15 General principles and indication for conservative treatment of thoracolumbar spine fractures6.16 Specific surgical treatment of thoracolumbar spine injuries6.17 Osteoporotic Spine Fractures6.18 Sacral fractures6.19 Spinal injuries in children and young adults7.1 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of ependymoma of the spine7.2 Diagnosis and management of osteoid osteoma of the spine7.3 Diagnosis and management of eosinophilic granuloma of the spine7.4 Spinal tumours in early life7.5 Diagnosis and management of intradural extramedullary tumours7.6 Specific surgical management of primary tumours of the sacrum7.7 Chordoma of the spine7.8 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of aneurysmal bone cysts of the spine7.9 Chondrosarcoma of the mobile spine7.10 Primary spinal tumours: differential diagnosis, epidemiology & diagnostic work up7.11 Giant cell tumours of the spine: treatment options and strategies7.12 Specific technical aspects in multisegmental resection and reconstruction for tumours of the spine7.13 Multiple myeloma diagnosis and treatment7.14 Classification and differential diagnosis of spinal vascular malformations7.15 Pedicle screw placement and augmentation7.16 Spinal metastasis: diagnosis and staging7.17 Metastatic disease: surgical treatment options and results7.18 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of intramedullary spinal cord tumours7.19 Management of residual spinal tumours8.1 Spinal tuberculosis - epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical features8.2 Spinal tuberculosis - diagnostic tests and medical management8.3 Spinal tuberculosis - surgical management8.4 Spinal Infections: differential diagnostics, treatment decisions, principles8.5 Aetiology, pathogenic mechanisms and treatment of infections in spinal instrumentation8.6 Antibiotic treatment of spinal wound infections8.7 Antibiotic treatment of vertebral osteomyelitis, discitis and epidural abscess of the spine8.8 Epidemiology, pathophysiology and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.9 Natural history and treatment principles of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.10 Stabilising and corrective surgery of the thoracolumbar spine in ankylosing spondylitis8.11 Diagnosis and treatment of instability of the occipito-atlantoaxial spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.12 Surgical Management for the subaxial cervical spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.13 Overview of osteopathies relevant to the spine9.1 Complications & revisions in upper cervical spine9.2 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical procedures9.3 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical trauma9.4 Complications & revision surgery in anterior thoracic & thoracolumbar junction approaches9.5 Complications & revision surgery in anterior lumbar approaches9.6 Complications & revision surgery in lateral lumbar approaches9.7 Complications & revisions in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis9.8 Complications & revision in early-onset scoliosis (EOS)9.9 Complications & revision in neuromuscular, congenital and syndromic scoliosis9.10 Scheuermann kyphosis: surgical complications9.11 Complications & revision in adult deformity: inadequate correction and implant failure9.12 Complications & revision in adult deformity: junctional complications and secondary progression9.13 Complications & revision in lumbar disc herniation, stenosis, and lumbar degenerative conditions9.14 Complications & revision in thoracolumbar trauma9.15 Revision surgery in the osteoporotic spine9.16 Neurological complications9.17 Dural repair techniques and management of CSF fistulae9.18 Cage failures in lumbar interbody fusion9.19 Postoperative wound problems9.20 Post-operative infection in the spine: prevention and treatment strategy9.21 Patient positioning and complication avoidance9.22 Imaging of early complications9.23 Imaging of late complications

Lecture Choice 8 Lecture Choice 81.1 History of spinal disorders1.2 Spinal biomechanics1.3 Cell biology of the spine1.4 Age-related changes of the spine1.5 Pathways to spinal pain1.6 Genetics in spinal disorders1.7 Development of spinal deformity1.8 Spinal balance1.9 Biomechanics of spinal instrumentation1.10 Biologics in spine1.11 Epidemiology of spinal disorders1.12 Predictors of treatment outcome1.13 History & physical assessment1.14 Imaging studies1.15 Neurological assessment1.16 Neurophysiological investigations1.17 Pre-operative assessment1.18 Intraoperative anaesthesia management1.19 Postoperative management & pain control1.20 From clinical signs and symptoms to diagnosis in spinal disorders1.21 Spine registries1.22 The Role of Muscles in Adult Spinal Deformity2.1 Applied surgical anatomy of the spinal column, spinal cord, nerve roots and vertebral arteries2.2 Biomechanical considerations of degenerative cervical spine2.3 Kinematics of normal, degenerative, fused and disc-replaced cervical spines2.4 Degenerative disorders of the cervical spine2.5 Neurophysiological assessment2.6 Diagnostic injection studies (interventional radiology)2.7 Axial neck pain2.8 Axial neck pain – non-operative management2.9 Axial neck pain - operative management2.10 Clinical Findings, pathophysiology and natural history of cervical radiculopathy2.11 Cervical radiculopathy – non-operative management2.12 Cervical radiculopathy – surgical management2.13 Adjacent disc disease and management cervical TDR2.14 Pathology, clinical findings & imaging of clinical myelopathy2.15 Cervical myelopathy: medical myelopathies2.16 Natural history and non-operative management of cervical myelopathy2.17 Cervical myelopathy: surgical management2.18 Cervical myelopathy: OPLL3.1 Epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history and risk factors3.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic workup of disc herniation, radiculopathy and thoracic myelopathy3.3 Non-operative treatment, rehab, medication in lumbar disc herniation3.4 Surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation3.5 Imaging in lumbar and thoracic disc herniation and lumbar stenosis3.6 Thoracic disc herniations3.7 Epidemiology, pathogenesis and natural history in lumbar spinal stenosis3.8 Spinal stenosis: non-operative treatment, rehab, medication3.9 Surgical treatment of lumbar stenosis3.10 Lumbar spondylosis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history3.11 Clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, classification of degenerative lumbar spondylosis3.12 Lumbar spondylosis: non-operative treatment3.13 Imaging in degenerative lumbar and sacroiliac conditions3.14 Degenerative lumbar spondylosis: surgical treatment3.15 Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: epidemiology, diagnosis, classification3.16 Surgical treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis3.17 The continuum from degenerative conditions to new onset deformity3.18 Sacroiliac joint pain: evaluation and treatment3.19 Management of non-specific low back pain3.20 Psychosocial factors in low back related conditions3.21 Multidisciplinary approaches to treatment of low back pain4.1 Adult scoliosis - epidemiology, natural history, classification, clinical assessment, HRQOL4.2 Adult scoliosis and kyphosis: radiological assessment4.3 Idiopathic scoliosis in adults: are there specificities between 20 and 50 years?4.4 Degenerative scoliosis: clinical presentation and diagnostic workup4.5 Degenerative scoliosis: preoperative assessment & prevention of perioperative complications4.6 Degenerative scoliosis and stenosis4.7 Planning deformity correction: sagittal plane deformity correction techniques4.8 Minimally invasive treatment indications for adult deformity4.9 Degenerative scoliosis: complications of surgical treatment4.10 Osteotomies of the spine for adult deformity correction4.11 Pelvic Fixation Options4.12 Interbody Fusion for Scoliosis TLIF, ALIF, LLIF4.13 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Natural History, Radiology4.14 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Treatment Options4.15 Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)4.16 Adult Angular Kyphosis - classification, natural history, risk factors4.17 Adult Angular Kyphosis - surgical experience4.18 Sagittal balance in L5-S1 spondylolisthesis4.19 Imaging in spondylolisthesis4.20 Low grade adult spondylolisthesis – evidence based ‘best surgical practice’4.21 High Grade Spondylolisthesis - in situ Fusion Options4.22 High Grade Spondylolisthesis (SPL) analysis and surgical techniques indications5.1 Evolution of the 3D understanding for spinal deformities & scoliosis & their treatment5.2 Etiopathogenesis of Spinal Deformities in growing spine: Scoliosis & Sagittal Deformities5.3 Growth of the spine and thorax5.4 Idiopathic scoliosis and its natural history5.5 Early Onset Scoliosis specificity of treatment5.6 Secondary Scoliosis Specific Treatment5.7 Congenital deformities5.8 Spinal cord anomalies: spinal dysraphism5.9 Hyperkyphosis and Scheuermann disease5.10 Paediatric deformities: Imaging5.11 Biomechanics of the deformed spine5.12 Specific clinical assessment of deformities5.13 Role of cast treatment and HALO traction5.14 Indication for brace treatment5.15 Pre-op assessment – how to prepare complex cases5.16 Patient positioning in spinal surgery and blood saving5.17 Importance of alignment and consequences in adulthood5.18 Intraoperative neuromonitoring5.19 Bone fusion in spinal deformity5.20 Technique, strategy and indication in anterior approaches5.21 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: hybrid construct5.22 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: all-screw construct5.23 Iliac-sacral fixation options6.1 Cervical Spine Trauma: epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurology6.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic work up of spinal trauma6.3 Imaging of the sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.4 Classification of sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.5 General treatment principles and indications conservative treatment6.6 Specific Surgical Treatment of sub-axial Cervical Spine Fractures C3-C76.7 Upper CS: Instability and specific anatomical structures6.8 Imaging of the occipito-cervical junction post-trauma6.9 Classification of upper cervical spine trauma6.10 The treatment of upper cervical spine injuries6.11 Epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurodeficit in spine injuries6.12 Thoracic and lumbar spine trauma: clinical presentation and diagnosis6.13 Imaging of thoracolumbar injuries6.14 Classification of thoracolumbar fractures6.15 General principles and indication for conservative treatment of thoracolumbar spine fractures6.16 Specific surgical treatment of thoracolumbar spine injuries6.17 Osteoporotic Spine Fractures6.18 Sacral fractures6.19 Spinal injuries in children and young adults7.1 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of ependymoma of the spine7.2 Diagnosis and management of osteoid osteoma of the spine7.3 Diagnosis and management of eosinophilic granuloma of the spine7.4 Spinal tumours in early life7.5 Diagnosis and management of intradural extramedullary tumours7.6 Specific surgical management of primary tumours of the sacrum7.7 Chordoma of the spine7.8 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of aneurysmal bone cysts of the spine7.9 Chondrosarcoma of the mobile spine7.10 Primary spinal tumours: differential diagnosis, epidemiology & diagnostic work up7.11 Giant cell tumours of the spine: treatment options and strategies7.12 Specific technical aspects in multisegmental resection and reconstruction for tumours of the spine7.13 Multiple myeloma diagnosis and treatment7.14 Classification and differential diagnosis of spinal vascular malformations7.15 Pedicle screw placement and augmentation7.16 Spinal metastasis: diagnosis and staging7.17 Metastatic disease: surgical treatment options and results7.18 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of intramedullary spinal cord tumours7.19 Management of residual spinal tumours8.1 Spinal tuberculosis - epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical features8.2 Spinal tuberculosis - diagnostic tests and medical management8.3 Spinal tuberculosis - surgical management8.4 Spinal Infections: differential diagnostics, treatment decisions, principles8.5 Aetiology, pathogenic mechanisms and treatment of infections in spinal instrumentation8.6 Antibiotic treatment of spinal wound infections8.7 Antibiotic treatment of vertebral osteomyelitis, discitis and epidural abscess of the spine8.8 Epidemiology, pathophysiology and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.9 Natural history and treatment principles of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.10 Stabilising and corrective surgery of the thoracolumbar spine in ankylosing spondylitis8.11 Diagnosis and treatment of instability of the occipito-atlantoaxial spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.12 Surgical Management for the subaxial cervical spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.13 Overview of osteopathies relevant to the spine9.1 Complications & revisions in upper cervical spine9.2 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical procedures9.3 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical trauma9.4 Complications & revision surgery in anterior thoracic & thoracolumbar junction approaches9.5 Complications & revision surgery in anterior lumbar approaches9.6 Complications & revision surgery in lateral lumbar approaches9.7 Complications & revisions in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis9.8 Complications & revision in early-onset scoliosis (EOS)9.9 Complications & revision in neuromuscular, congenital and syndromic scoliosis9.10 Scheuermann kyphosis: surgical complications9.11 Complications & revision in adult deformity: inadequate correction and implant failure9.12 Complications & revision in adult deformity: junctional complications and secondary progression9.13 Complications & revision in lumbar disc herniation, stenosis, and lumbar degenerative conditions9.14 Complications & revision in thoracolumbar trauma9.15 Revision surgery in the osteoporotic spine9.16 Neurological complications9.17 Dural repair techniques and management of CSF fistulae9.18 Cage failures in lumbar interbody fusion9.19 Postoperative wound problems9.20 Post-operative infection in the spine: prevention and treatment strategy9.21 Patient positioning and complication avoidance9.22 Imaging of early complications9.23 Imaging of late complications

Lecture Choice 9 Lecture Choice 91.1 History of spinal disorders1.2 Spinal biomechanics1.3 Cell biology of the spine1.4 Age-related changes of the spine1.5 Pathways to spinal pain1.6 Genetics in spinal disorders1.7 Development of spinal deformity1.8 Spinal balance1.9 Biomechanics of spinal instrumentation1.10 Biologics in spine1.11 Epidemiology of spinal disorders1.12 Predictors of treatment outcome1.13 History & physical assessment1.14 Imaging studies1.15 Neurological assessment1.16 Neurophysiological investigations1.17 Pre-operative assessment1.18 Intraoperative anaesthesia management1.19 Postoperative management & pain control1.20 From clinical signs and symptoms to diagnosis in spinal disorders1.21 Spine registries1.22 The Role of Muscles in Adult Spinal Deformity2.1 Applied surgical anatomy of the spinal column, spinal cord, nerve roots and vertebral arteries2.2 Biomechanical considerations of degenerative cervical spine2.3 Kinematics of normal, degenerative, fused and disc-replaced cervical spines2.4 Degenerative disorders of the cervical spine2.5 Neurophysiological assessment2.6 Diagnostic injection studies (interventional radiology)2.7 Axial neck pain2.8 Axial neck pain – non-operative management2.9 Axial neck pain - operative management2.10 Clinical Findings, pathophysiology and natural history of cervical radiculopathy2.11 Cervical radiculopathy – non-operative management2.12 Cervical radiculopathy – surgical management2.13 Adjacent disc disease and management cervical TDR2.14 Pathology, clinical findings & imaging of clinical myelopathy2.15 Cervical myelopathy: medical myelopathies2.16 Natural history and non-operative management of cervical myelopathy2.17 Cervical myelopathy: surgical management2.18 Cervical myelopathy: OPLL3.1 Epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history and risk factors3.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic workup of disc herniation, radiculopathy and thoracic myelopathy3.3 Non-operative treatment, rehab, medication in lumbar disc herniation3.4 Surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation3.5 Imaging in lumbar and thoracic disc herniation and lumbar stenosis3.6 Thoracic disc herniations3.7 Epidemiology, pathogenesis and natural history in lumbar spinal stenosis3.8 Spinal stenosis: non-operative treatment, rehab, medication3.9 Surgical treatment of lumbar stenosis3.10 Lumbar spondylosis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history3.11 Clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, classification of degenerative lumbar spondylosis3.12 Lumbar spondylosis: non-operative treatment3.13 Imaging in degenerative lumbar and sacroiliac conditions3.14 Degenerative lumbar spondylosis: surgical treatment3.15 Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: epidemiology, diagnosis, classification3.16 Surgical treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis3.17 The continuum from degenerative conditions to new onset deformity3.18 Sacroiliac joint pain: evaluation and treatment3.19 Management of non-specific low back pain3.20 Psychosocial factors in low back related conditions3.21 Multidisciplinary approaches to treatment of low back pain4.1 Adult scoliosis - epidemiology, natural history, classification, clinical assessment, HRQOL4.2 Adult scoliosis and kyphosis: radiological assessment4.3 Idiopathic scoliosis in adults: are there specificities between 20 and 50 years?4.4 Degenerative scoliosis: clinical presentation and diagnostic workup4.5 Degenerative scoliosis: preoperative assessment & prevention of perioperative complications4.6 Degenerative scoliosis and stenosis4.7 Planning deformity correction: sagittal plane deformity correction techniques4.8 Minimally invasive treatment indications for adult deformity4.9 Degenerative scoliosis: complications of surgical treatment4.10 Osteotomies of the spine for adult deformity correction4.11 Pelvic Fixation Options4.12 Interbody Fusion for Scoliosis TLIF, ALIF, LLIF4.13 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Natural History, Radiology4.14 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Treatment Options4.15 Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)4.16 Adult Angular Kyphosis - classification, natural history, risk factors4.17 Adult Angular Kyphosis - surgical experience4.18 Sagittal balance in L5-S1 spondylolisthesis4.19 Imaging in spondylolisthesis4.20 Low grade adult spondylolisthesis – evidence based ‘best surgical practice’4.21 High Grade Spondylolisthesis - in situ Fusion Options4.22 High Grade Spondylolisthesis (SPL) analysis and surgical techniques indications5.1 Evolution of the 3D understanding for spinal deformities & scoliosis & their treatment5.2 Etiopathogenesis of Spinal Deformities in growing spine: Scoliosis & Sagittal Deformities5.3 Growth of the spine and thorax5.4 Idiopathic scoliosis and its natural history5.5 Early Onset Scoliosis specificity of treatment5.6 Secondary Scoliosis Specific Treatment5.7 Congenital deformities5.8 Spinal cord anomalies: spinal dysraphism5.9 Hyperkyphosis and Scheuermann disease5.10 Paediatric deformities: Imaging5.11 Biomechanics of the deformed spine5.12 Specific clinical assessment of deformities5.13 Role of cast treatment and HALO traction5.14 Indication for brace treatment5.15 Pre-op assessment – how to prepare complex cases5.16 Patient positioning in spinal surgery and blood saving5.17 Importance of alignment and consequences in adulthood5.18 Intraoperative neuromonitoring5.19 Bone fusion in spinal deformity5.20 Technique, strategy and indication in anterior approaches5.21 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: hybrid construct5.22 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: all-screw construct5.23 Iliac-sacral fixation options6.1 Cervical Spine Trauma: epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurology6.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic work up of spinal trauma6.3 Imaging of the sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.4 Classification of sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.5 General treatment principles and indications conservative treatment6.6 Specific Surgical Treatment of sub-axial Cervical Spine Fractures C3-C76.7 Upper CS: Instability and specific anatomical structures6.8 Imaging of the occipito-cervical junction post-trauma6.9 Classification of upper cervical spine trauma6.10 The treatment of upper cervical spine injuries6.11 Epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurodeficit in spine injuries6.12 Thoracic and lumbar spine trauma: clinical presentation and diagnosis6.13 Imaging of thoracolumbar injuries6.14 Classification of thoracolumbar fractures6.15 General principles and indication for conservative treatment of thoracolumbar spine fractures6.16 Specific surgical treatment of thoracolumbar spine injuries6.17 Osteoporotic Spine Fractures6.18 Sacral fractures6.19 Spinal injuries in children and young adults7.1 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of ependymoma of the spine7.2 Diagnosis and management of osteoid osteoma of the spine7.3 Diagnosis and management of eosinophilic granuloma of the spine7.4 Spinal tumours in early life7.5 Diagnosis and management of intradural extramedullary tumours7.6 Specific surgical management of primary tumours of the sacrum7.7 Chordoma of the spine7.8 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of aneurysmal bone cysts of the spine7.9 Chondrosarcoma of the mobile spine7.10 Primary spinal tumours: differential diagnosis, epidemiology & diagnostic work up7.11 Giant cell tumours of the spine: treatment options and strategies7.12 Specific technical aspects in multisegmental resection and reconstruction for tumours of the spine7.13 Multiple myeloma diagnosis and treatment7.14 Classification and differential diagnosis of spinal vascular malformations7.15 Pedicle screw placement and augmentation7.16 Spinal metastasis: diagnosis and staging7.17 Metastatic disease: surgical treatment options and results7.18 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of intramedullary spinal cord tumours7.19 Management of residual spinal tumours8.1 Spinal tuberculosis - epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical features8.2 Spinal tuberculosis - diagnostic tests and medical management8.3 Spinal tuberculosis - surgical management8.4 Spinal Infections: differential diagnostics, treatment decisions, principles8.5 Aetiology, pathogenic mechanisms and treatment of infections in spinal instrumentation8.6 Antibiotic treatment of spinal wound infections8.7 Antibiotic treatment of vertebral osteomyelitis, discitis and epidural abscess of the spine8.8 Epidemiology, pathophysiology and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.9 Natural history and treatment principles of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.10 Stabilising and corrective surgery of the thoracolumbar spine in ankylosing spondylitis8.11 Diagnosis and treatment of instability of the occipito-atlantoaxial spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.12 Surgical Management for the subaxial cervical spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.13 Overview of osteopathies relevant to the spine9.1 Complications & revisions in upper cervical spine9.2 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical procedures9.3 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical trauma9.4 Complications & revision surgery in anterior thoracic & thoracolumbar junction approaches9.5 Complications & revision surgery in anterior lumbar approaches9.6 Complications & revision surgery in lateral lumbar approaches9.7 Complications & revisions in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis9.8 Complications & revision in early-onset scoliosis (EOS)9.9 Complications & revision in neuromuscular, congenital and syndromic scoliosis9.10 Scheuermann kyphosis: surgical complications9.11 Complications & revision in adult deformity: inadequate correction and implant failure9.12 Complications & revision in adult deformity: junctional complications and secondary progression9.13 Complications & revision in lumbar disc herniation, stenosis, and lumbar degenerative conditions9.14 Complications & revision in thoracolumbar trauma9.15 Revision surgery in the osteoporotic spine9.16 Neurological complications9.17 Dural repair techniques and management of CSF fistulae9.18 Cage failures in lumbar interbody fusion9.19 Postoperative wound problems9.20 Post-operative infection in the spine: prevention and treatment strategy9.21 Patient positioning and complication avoidance9.22 Imaging of early complications9.23 Imaging of late complications

Lecture Choice 10 Lecture Choice 101.1 History of spinal disorders1.2 Spinal biomechanics1.3 Cell biology of the spine1.4 Age-related changes of the spine1.5 Pathways to spinal pain1.6 Genetics in spinal disorders1.7 Development of spinal deformity1.8 Spinal balance1.9 Biomechanics of spinal instrumentation1.10 Biologics in spine1.11 Epidemiology of spinal disorders1.12 Predictors of treatment outcome1.13 History & physical assessment1.14 Imaging studies1.15 Neurological assessment1.16 Neurophysiological investigations1.17 Pre-operative assessment1.18 Intraoperative anaesthesia management1.19 Postoperative management & pain control1.20 From clinical signs and symptoms to diagnosis in spinal disorders1.21 Spine registries1.22 The Role of Muscles in Adult Spinal Deformity2.1 Applied surgical anatomy of the spinal column, spinal cord, nerve roots and vertebral arteries2.2 Biomechanical considerations of degenerative cervical spine2.3 Kinematics of normal, degenerative, fused and disc-replaced cervical spines2.4 Degenerative disorders of the cervical spine2.5 Neurophysiological assessment2.6 Diagnostic injection studies (interventional radiology)2.7 Axial neck pain2.8 Axial neck pain – non-operative management2.9 Axial neck pain - operative management2.10 Clinical Findings, pathophysiology and natural history of cervical radiculopathy2.11 Cervical radiculopathy – non-operative management2.12 Cervical radiculopathy – surgical management2.13 Adjacent disc disease and management cervical TDR2.14 Pathology, clinical findings & imaging of clinical myelopathy2.15 Cervical myelopathy: medical myelopathies2.16 Natural history and non-operative management of cervical myelopathy2.17 Cervical myelopathy: surgical management2.18 Cervical myelopathy: OPLL3.1 Epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history and risk factors3.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic workup of disc herniation, radiculopathy and thoracic myelopathy3.3 Non-operative treatment, rehab, medication in lumbar disc herniation3.4 Surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation3.5 Imaging in lumbar and thoracic disc herniation and lumbar stenosis3.6 Thoracic disc herniations3.7 Epidemiology, pathogenesis and natural history in lumbar spinal stenosis3.8 Spinal stenosis: non-operative treatment, rehab, medication3.9 Surgical treatment of lumbar stenosis3.10 Lumbar spondylosis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, natural history3.11 Clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, classification of degenerative lumbar spondylosis3.12 Lumbar spondylosis: non-operative treatment3.13 Imaging in degenerative lumbar and sacroiliac conditions3.14 Degenerative lumbar spondylosis: surgical treatment3.15 Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: epidemiology, diagnosis, classification3.16 Surgical treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis3.17 The continuum from degenerative conditions to new onset deformity3.18 Sacroiliac joint pain: evaluation and treatment3.19 Management of non-specific low back pain3.20 Psychosocial factors in low back related conditions3.21 Multidisciplinary approaches to treatment of low back pain4.1 Adult scoliosis - epidemiology, natural history, classification, clinical assessment, HRQOL4.2 Adult scoliosis and kyphosis: radiological assessment4.3 Idiopathic scoliosis in adults: are there specificities between 20 and 50 years?4.4 Degenerative scoliosis: clinical presentation and diagnostic workup4.5 Degenerative scoliosis: preoperative assessment & prevention of perioperative complications4.6 Degenerative scoliosis and stenosis4.7 Planning deformity correction: sagittal plane deformity correction techniques4.8 Minimally invasive treatment indications for adult deformity4.9 Degenerative scoliosis: complications of surgical treatment4.10 Osteotomies of the spine for adult deformity correction4.11 Pelvic Fixation Options4.12 Interbody Fusion for Scoliosis TLIF, ALIF, LLIF4.13 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Natural History, Radiology4.14 Scheuermann’s and Idiopathic Kyphosis - Treatment Options4.15 Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)4.16 Adult Angular Kyphosis - classification, natural history, risk factors4.17 Adult Angular Kyphosis - surgical experience4.18 Sagittal balance in L5-S1 spondylolisthesis4.19 Imaging in spondylolisthesis4.20 Low grade adult spondylolisthesis – evidence based ‘best surgical practice’4.21 High Grade Spondylolisthesis - in situ Fusion Options4.22 High Grade Spondylolisthesis (SPL) analysis and surgical techniques indications5.1 Evolution of the 3D understanding for spinal deformities & scoliosis & their treatment5.2 Etiopathogenesis of Spinal Deformities in growing spine: Scoliosis & Sagittal Deformities5.3 Growth of the spine and thorax5.4 Idiopathic scoliosis and its natural history5.5 Early Onset Scoliosis specificity of treatment5.6 Secondary Scoliosis Specific Treatment5.7 Congenital deformities5.8 Spinal cord anomalies: spinal dysraphism5.9 Hyperkyphosis and Scheuermann disease5.10 Paediatric deformities: Imaging5.11 Biomechanics of the deformed spine5.12 Specific clinical assessment of deformities5.13 Role of cast treatment and HALO traction5.14 Indication for brace treatment5.15 Pre-op assessment – how to prepare complex cases5.16 Patient positioning in spinal surgery and blood saving5.17 Importance of alignment and consequences in adulthood5.18 Intraoperative neuromonitoring5.19 Bone fusion in spinal deformity5.20 Technique, strategy and indication in anterior approaches5.21 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: hybrid construct5.22 Technique, strategy and indication in posterior approaches: all-screw construct5.23 Iliac-sacral fixation options6.1 Cervical Spine Trauma: epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurology6.2 Clinical presentation and diagnostic work up of spinal trauma6.3 Imaging of the sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.4 Classification of sub-axial cervical spine injuries6.5 General treatment principles and indications conservative treatment6.6 Specific Surgical Treatment of sub-axial Cervical Spine Fractures C3-C76.7 Upper CS: Instability and specific anatomical structures6.8 Imaging of the occipito-cervical junction post-trauma6.9 Classification of upper cervical spine trauma6.10 The treatment of upper cervical spine injuries6.11 Epidemiology, pathomechanics and neurodeficit in spine injuries6.12 Thoracic and lumbar spine trauma: clinical presentation and diagnosis6.13 Imaging of thoracolumbar injuries6.14 Classification of thoracolumbar fractures6.15 General principles and indication for conservative treatment of thoracolumbar spine fractures6.16 Specific surgical treatment of thoracolumbar spine injuries6.17 Osteoporotic Spine Fractures6.18 Sacral fractures6.19 Spinal injuries in children and young adults7.1 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of ependymoma of the spine7.2 Diagnosis and management of osteoid osteoma of the spine7.3 Diagnosis and management of eosinophilic granuloma of the spine7.4 Spinal tumours in early life7.5 Diagnosis and management of intradural extramedullary tumours7.6 Specific surgical management of primary tumours of the sacrum7.7 Chordoma of the spine7.8 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of aneurysmal bone cysts of the spine7.9 Chondrosarcoma of the mobile spine7.10 Primary spinal tumours: differential diagnosis, epidemiology & diagnostic work up7.11 Giant cell tumours of the spine: treatment options and strategies7.12 Specific technical aspects in multisegmental resection and reconstruction for tumours of the spine7.13 Multiple myeloma diagnosis and treatment7.14 Classification and differential diagnosis of spinal vascular malformations7.15 Pedicle screw placement and augmentation7.16 Spinal metastasis: diagnosis and staging7.17 Metastatic disease: surgical treatment options and results7.18 Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of intramedullary spinal cord tumours7.19 Management of residual spinal tumours8.1 Spinal tuberculosis - epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical features8.2 Spinal tuberculosis - diagnostic tests and medical management8.3 Spinal tuberculosis - surgical management8.4 Spinal Infections: differential diagnostics, treatment decisions, principles8.5 Aetiology, pathogenic mechanisms and treatment of infections in spinal instrumentation8.6 Antibiotic treatment of spinal wound infections8.7 Antibiotic treatment of vertebral osteomyelitis, discitis and epidural abscess of the spine8.8 Epidemiology, pathophysiology and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.9 Natural history and treatment principles of ankylosing spondylitis of the spine8.10 Stabilising and corrective surgery of the thoracolumbar spine in ankylosing spondylitis8.11 Diagnosis and treatment of instability of the occipito-atlantoaxial spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.12 Surgical Management for the subaxial cervical spine in rheumatoid arthritis8.13 Overview of osteopathies relevant to the spine9.1 Complications & revisions in upper cervical spine9.2 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical procedures9.3 Complications & revision surgery in sub-axial cervical trauma9.4 Complications & revision surgery in anterior thoracic & thoracolumbar junction approaches9.5 Complications & revision surgery in anterior lumbar approaches9.6 Complications & revision surgery in lateral lumbar approaches9.7 Complications & revisions in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis9.8 Complications & revision in early-onset scoliosis (EOS)9.9 Complications & revision in neuromuscular, congenital and syndromic scoliosis9.10 Scheuermann kyphosis: surgical complications9.11 Complications & revision in adult deformity: inadequate correction and implant failure9.12 Complications & revision in adult deformity: junctional complications and secondary progression9.13 Complications & revision in lumbar disc herniation, stenosis, and lumbar degenerative conditions9.14 Complications & revision in thoracolumbar trauma9.15 Revision surgery in the osteoporotic spine9.16 Neurological complications9.17 Dural repair techniques and management of CSF fistulae9.18 Cage failures in lumbar interbody fusion9.19 Postoperative wound problems9.20 Post-operative infection in the spine: prevention and treatment strategy9.21 Patient positioning and complication avoidance9.22 Imaging of early complications9.23 Imaging of late complications